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Canadian geographer Dr. Roger F Tomlinson is known as the father of Geographic Information Systems.
Canadian Geographical Information System (CGIS), developed in 1963, was the first GIS.
Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) is the GIS software company that released the first commercial GIS product, ARC/INFO, in 1982.
Sputnik 1 was the first artificial earth-orbiting satellite launched by the Soviet Union on 4 October 1957.
The first earth-observing satellite exclusively designed to study planet Earth was Landsat 1, formerly known as Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS), launched by NASA on 23 July 1972.